In this article, an attempt has been made to estimate the amount of sound transmission LOSS in a flat oval channel by applying the approach of statistical energy analysis. Correct ESTIMATION of sound transmission LOSS in an air conditioning channel is of great importance due to the harmful effects of noise pollution in the environment on human health. Simulation with the statistical energy analysis method is a powerful approach to estimate sound and vibration in problems in which we deal with complex and multi-part systems; is considered. In this method, first, a system is divided into several subsystems, and then by writing a matrix equation that includes the energy exchanges between subsystems and energy LOSS coefficients; It is investigated from the perspective of vibration and sound ESTIMATION.On average, the model presented in this research is able to estimate the sound transmission LOSS in different dimensions of the air conditioning channels according to the experimental results in the accuracy range of ± 2.5 dB. Considering that it seems that the results obtained from modeling with this method are in good agreement with the experimental data; The results of this research can be used as an efficient approach to estimate noise in oval shaped channels stretched in different lengths.

Background: Estimating intraoperative blood LOSS can be a difficult task, especially when blood is mostly absorbed by gauze. In this study, we have provided an improved method for estimating blood absorbed by gauze.Objectives: To develop a guide to estimate blood absorbed by surgical gauze.Materials and Methods: A clinical experiment was conducted using aspirated blood and common surgical gauze to create a realistic amount of absorbed blood in the gauze. Different percentages of staining were photographed to create an analogue for the amount of blood absorbed by the gauze.Results: A visual analogue scale was created to aid the ESTIMATION of blood absorbed by the gauze. The absorptive capacity of different gauze sizes was determined when the gauze was dripping with blood. The amount of reduction in absorption was also determined when the gauze was wetted with normal saline before use.Conclusions: The use of a visual analoguemayincrease the accuracy of blood LOSS ESTIMATIONanddecrease the consequences related to over or underESTIMATION of blood LOSS.

Purpose: To report visual and anatomical outcome of flap LOSS after LASIK surgery for correction of high myopia. Materials & Methods: Retrospective evaluation of flap LOSS in two eyes of two patients, a rare complication of LASIK Surgery. Case No. 1: 27 y/o woman with Ref. OD -9.75; 2.75*177 VA. CC: 20/60 KR OD: 41.86*77 39.86 * 168 & partial amblyopia due to anisometropia. Case No. 2: 38 y/o woman with Ref OD. -9.50 1.0*177 VA CC: 20/30 KR OD: 42.06*77 40.99 * 167. Results: In both patients during LASIK surgery free cap complication occurred and after Laser therapy free cap positioned over the stromal bed, but the next day after operation flaps were lost. For case NO.1only medical management performed and after 4.5 years F/U cornea has 2° central haziness. For case NO.2 another corneal flap from donor globe cut and sutured with Nylon 10/0 and after 18 months F/U cornea is clear. Conclusion: In patients with flat keratometry less than 41.0 Diopter rate of free cap are high and after laser therapy for high myopia the keratometry became more flat. If surgeon doesn't suture flap the rate of flap LOSS increase so for prevent of corneal haziness and corneal ectazia this evaluation suppose to perform donor corneal flap graft.      

In Iran, the history of the scientific study of flood LOSS is not so long and is limited to structural LOSSes. The calculation of agricultural LOSSes due to flood are more difficult to assess, due to its dependence on plant type, plant's strength during flood period, and the coincidence of the flood occurrence with the plant growing stages. In this article, the required functions for determining the expected LOSS with respect to the most important hydraulic parameters and the plant's growing stages are presented for rice. In the case study the two factors of LOSS percent per growing stage (b) and the probability of the coincidence of flood occurrence with different growing stages (a) were used to calculate the expected LOSS. The CCHE was used as the hydraulic model and all calculations were performed in GIS environment. Currently for any flood prone area, the flood LOSS is considered as 100%. While the outcomes of this research illustrates that flooding may even cause no LOSS and one may find points in the flood prone area where the LOSS is zero. The presented procedure can be used as a basis for determining the required criteria for flood risk management and developing a comprehensive insurance program against flood.

In this paper, we introduced straightforward formulas for the Bayes risk linked to the Linex LOSS function, which we then applied to estimate parameters of the normal, Poisson, and fractional Weibull distributions. We aimed to investigate the development of a linear Bayes estimator using the Linex LOSS function and successfully derived it for the normal and Poisson scenarios. We also demonstrated the process of creating empirical Bayes estimates using Linex LOSS and applied it to observed frequencies fn(x) produced by the Poisson-gamma model.

The quadratic LOSS function has been used by decision-theoretic statisticians and economists for many years. In this paper the ESTIMATION of scale parameter under a bounded LOSS function, which is adequate for assessing quality and quality improvement, is considered with restriction to the principles of invariance and risk unbiasedness. An implicit form of minimum risk scale equivariant estimator and Bayes estimators are obtained. Fisher’ s problem of the Nile as an example is included.

Some examples of absurd uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimators are discussed. Two reasons, argued in the literature, for having such estimators are lack of enough information in the available data and property of unbiasedness. In this paper, accepting both of these views, we show that an appropriate choice of LOSS function using a general concept of unbiasedness leads to risk unbiased, admissible and reasonable estimators. For this we extend the Rao-Blackwell theorem using a new way of defining unbiased estimator.